iii. all configurations of adjustment conform with the Rules.

The penalty of disqualification for intentionally changing the characteristics of a club during one stipulated match (Rule 4-2) is applicable to all of the clubs, including the putter.

Note: It is recommended that all putter with adjustable parts be submitted to the Royal & Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews for their approval.

4-1b. SHAFT.

Straightness .
The shaft shall be straight from the top of the grip to a point not more than 5 inches (127 mm) above the sole, measured from the point where the shaft ceases to be straight along the axis of the bent part of the shaft and the neck and/or socket (see Fig. I ).

Length.
The overall length of the club shall be at least 18 inches (457 mm) measured from the top of the grip along the axis of the shaft or a straight line extension of it to the sole of the club .

Alignment.
 

When the club is in its normal address position the shaft shall be so aligned that:

1. The projection of the straight part of the shaft on to the vertical plane through the toe and heel shall diverge from the vertical by at least 10 degrees (see Fig II);
2. The projection of the straight part of the shaft on to the vertical plane along the intended line of play shall not diverge from the vertical by more than 20 degrees (see Fig. III).
3. Except for putters, all of the heel portion of the club shall lie within 0.625 inches (16 mm) of the plane containing the axis of the straight part of the shaft and the intended (horizontal) line of play (see Fig. II V)
   
   Bending and Twisting Properties .
    

   At any point along its length, the shaft shall:

   1. bend in such a way that the deflection is the same regardless of how the shaft is rotated about its longitudinal axis; and
   2. twist the same amount in both directions .
      
      4-1c. GRIP
      For clubs other than putters the grip must be circular in cross-section, except that a continuous, straight, slightly raised rib may be incorporated along the full length of the grip, and a slightly indented spiral is permitted on a wrapped grip or a replica of one .
      2) A putter grip may have a non-circular cross-section, provided the cross-section has no concavity, is symmetrical and remains generally similar throughout the length of the grip .
      3) The grip may be tapered but must not have any bulge or waist. Its cross-sectional dimension measured in any direction must not exceed 1.75 inches (45 mm )
      4) For clubs other than putters the axis of the grip must coincide with the axis of the shaft .
      5) putter may have two grips provided each is circular in cross-section, the axis of each coincides with the axis of the shaft .
      
      4-1d. CLUBHEAD.
      
      Dimensions.
      The distance from the heel to the toe of the clubhead shall be greater than the distance from the face to the back. These dimensions are measured, with the clubhead in its normal address position, on horizontal lines between vertical projections of the outermost points of (i) the heel and the toe and (ii) the face and the back (see Fig VII, dimension A). If the outermost point of the heel is not clearly defined, it is deemed to be 0.625 inches (16mm) above the horizontal plane on which the club is resting in its normal address position (see Fig. VII, dimension B )
      
      Simplicity of Form.
       

      The clubhead shall be generally plain in shape. All parts shall be rigid, structural in nature and functional. It is not practicable to define plain in shape precisely and comprehensively but features which are deemed to be in breach of this requirement and are therefore not permitted include:

      1. holes through the head,
      2. transparent material added for other than decorative or structural purposes,
      3. appendages to the main body of the head such as knobs, plates, rods or fins, for the purpose of meeting dimensional specifications, for aiming or for any other purpose. Exceptions may be made for putters.
      Any furrows in or runners on the sole shall not extend into the face .
      
      4-1e. CLUB FACE.
      
      General.
      The material and construction of, or any treatment to, the face or clubhead shall not have the effect at impact of a spring (test on file), or impart significantly more spin to the ball than a standard steel face, or have any other effect which would unduly influence the movement of the ball .
      
      Impact Area Roughness and Material .
       

      Except for markings specified in the following paragraphs, the surface roughness within the area where impact is intended (the “impact area”) must not exceed that of decorative sandblasting, or of fine milling (see Fig. VIII). The whole of the impact area must be of the same material. Exceptions may be made for wooden clubs ).
      
      Impact Area Markings .
      Markings in the impact area must not have sharp edges or raised lips as determined by a finger test. Grooves or punch marks in the impact area must meet the following specifications:
      1) Grooves. A series of straight grooves with diverging sides and a symmetrical cross-section may be used (see Fig. IX). The width and cross-section must be consistent across the face of the club and along the length of the grooves. Any rounding of groove edges shall be in the form of a radius which does not exceed 0.020 inches (0.5 mm). The width of the grooves shall not exceed 0.035 inches (0.9 mm), using the 30 degree method of measurement on file with the United States Golf Association. The distance between edges of adjacent grooves must not be less than three times the width of a groove, and not less than 0.075 inches (1.905 mm). The depth of a groove must not exceed 0.020 inches (0.5 mm ).
      2) Punch Marks. Punch marks may be used. The area of any such mark must not exceed 0.0044 square inches (2.84 sq. mm). A mark must not be closer to an adjacent mark than 0.168 inches (4.27 mm) measured from center to center. The depth of a punch mark must not exceed 0.040 inches (1.02 mm). If punch marks are used in combination with grooves, a punch mark must not be closer to a groove than 0.168 inches (4.27 mm), measured from center to center .
      Decorative Markings.
      The center of the impact area may be indicated by a design within the boundary of a square whose sides are 0.375 inches (9.53 mm) in length. Such a design must not unduly influence the movement of the ball. Decorative markings are permitted outside the impact area .
      Non-metallic Club Face Markings.
      The above specifications apply to clubs on which the impact area of the face is of metal or a material of similar hardness. They do not apply to clubs with faces made of other materials and whose loft angle is 24 degrees or less, but markings which could unduly influence the movement of the ball are prohibited. Clubs with this type of face and a loft angle exceeding 24 degrees may have grooves of maximum width 0.040 inches (1.02 mm) and maximum depth 1½ times the groove width, but must otherwise conform to the markings specifications above .
      Putter Face Marking.
      The specifications above with regard to roughness, material and markings in the impact area do not apply to putters .